ABSTRACT
Background: One of the most stressful situations in clinical environments is exposure to invasive diagnostic methods, one of which is the endoscopy of the digestive tract. Endoscopy related anxiety can prevent achieving optimal results. Aromatherapy is one of complementary treatments that can reduce anxiety. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inhalation of matricaria chamomile essential oil on the anxiety before Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial that was carried out in May 2014 among patients referred to the Endoscopy Department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. The population of the study included 152 participants who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Anxiety was measured by using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI] questionnaire. Then for 20 minutes, the intervention group inhaled matricaria chamomile essential oil and the control group inhaled placebo [sesame oil]. 10 minutes after inhalation, anxiety was again measured and compared between the groups. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 21
Results: The mean age of the participants was 42.05 +/- 4.5 years and 41.33% of them were male. Mean level of anxiety after inhalation in the intervention group was 35.89 +/- 8.40 and in the control group was 39.88 +/- 8.40, which decreased in both groups but in the intervention group the decrease was significant
Conclusion: The findings showed that matricaria chamomile essential oil inhalation was effective in decreasing the anxiety of patients who were candidate for endoscopy. It is recommended to reduce anxiety in stressful situations
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anxiety/prevention & control , Aromatherapy , Chamomile , Endoscopy, Digestive System/psychologyABSTRACT
Background: Nursing and midwifery profession has been faced with many challenges due to inability to express oneself and justice. Nonetheless, little research has been performed about them. Because of impact of decisiveness on the mental health, this study performed to determine factors that weakened or facilitate decisiveness among nursing and midwifery students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among nursing and midwifery students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, in 2013. Data collection tool was a three parts questionnaire containing demography questions, Rathus Assertiveness Schedule and the Spielberger Anger Expression Scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 19.
Results: The results indicated that 20% [n = 17] of midwifery students and 22% [n = 35] of nursing students had high decisiveness. Most of midwifery [60%, n = 50] and nursing [60%, n= 98] located in the category of medium decisiveness. Also, 20% [16 patients] of midwifery and 18% of nursing students [n = 33] had low decisiveness. Factors affecting decisiveness among midwifery students were semester [p = 0.04], interesting to his/her field [p = 0.04], marital status [p = 0.04] and age [p = 0.03]. Among nursing students, these factors were semester [p = 0.04], interesting to his/her field [p = 0.03] and age [p = 0.03].
Conclusions: Regard to decisiveness rate among study students and its effect on the mental health and academic performance and career, special attention must be paid to factors affecting decisiveness and reinforcement of them.